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 Digital Certificate: To understand digital certificates, let's delve into a scenario: Bob wants to securely send a digitally signed message to Alice. Firstly, Bob generates a key pair consisting of a public key and a private key. He retains his private key securely and disseminates his public key in a publicly accessible location.  Using his private key, Bob signs the message and sends it along with the digital signature to Alice. Upon receiving Bob's digitally signed message, Alice retrieves Bob's public key from the public repository. She then employs this public key to verify the authenticity of Bob's digital signature. If the verification is successful, Alice has reasonable assurance that the message originated from Bob and remained unaltered during transmission. However, a vulnerability arises when Bob places his public key in a public location. Imagine a scenario where a hacker intercepts Bob's digitally signed message. The hacker could discard Bob's mess...

 The boot manager and bootloader are SW components that reside in two permanent partitions of the ECU’s flash memory. Purpose of boot manager: Establish the ECU entry point upon power up or power on reset Request Security Peripheral to authenticate bootloader SW and application SW prior to their executions Support secure boot Strategy. The main purpose of the bootloader is to enable the flash programing of application SW and Calibration data.  The boot manager or bootloader implements the startup sequence when the ECU is powered up or after power on reset. The startup sequence refers to the initial set of operations that is responsible for initializing the ECU and for determining the ECU programming state and whether control shall remain in boot or be transferred to the application software.